Genomics Explained
Genomics is an integrative biological field that focuses on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and genome editing. A genome is the full set of DNA that an organism has, including all its chromosomes. Unlike genetics, which refers to the study of specific genes and their development functions, genomics seeks to collectively identify and measure all of the genes of an organism, their interrelations, and their effect on the organism. Genes can drive protein production with the help of enzymes. Proteins, in turn, form components of the body, as well as regulate chemical reactions and carry signals between cells. Genomics also includes genome sequencing and analysis through the use of high-performance DNA sequencing to assemble and analyze the function and structure of whole genomes. Developments in genomics have sparked a change in science and systems biology focused on discovery to promote awareness of even the most complex biological structures such as the brain.
What can Genomes do?
The Human Genome Project has been developed to create a tool that can be used for a wide variety of biomedical studies. An example is to look for the genetic variants that raise the risk of particular diseases, such as cancer, or to check for the type of genetic mutations often found in cancer cells. DNA is the enzyme of all living cells which has inherited stuff. Genes are made from DNA, and so is the genome. A gene is made up of enough DNA to code for one protein and a genome is simply the total of the DNA of an organism. Genome is characterized as all the genetic information of a somatic cell, or a sequence of haploid chromosomes. For example, a genome defines a person’s physical characteristics. Genomics is important because people will be gaining a deeper understanding of gene-environmental interactions through genomics which helps researchers identify effective ways to improve health and prevent diseases, such as dietary changes and exercise strategies to avoid or postpone the development of type 2 diabetes in people with genetic predispositions.
Companies Working on Genomics
Foundation Medicine — they combine genomic profile items and data tools to create information that can help doctors align more careful choices for patients and help speed up the development of new treatments.
OneOme— they employ genomics to suit the patient with the right pharmaceuticals. They use a different test that scans drugs for a large variety of diseases and evaluates the patient’s effect.
However, according to Forbes, genomics will start to be used in quite a few more years. This author believes that according to the timeline of genomics and medicines, genomics will be discovered and be known for its affordability and usefulness until people are educated on the human genes. This makes sense as new technologies like gene editing and bioprinting are still being discovered and used, there is still some more time until genomics is heard.
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